Horse racing odds

The overround on the Grand National ante-post market can reach as high as 180 per cent — a level that would be considered predatory in any raceday market. It varies by operator, by race type, and by the time of day. If Bookmaker A is running a 115 per cent book on a race and Bookmaker B is running a 125 per cent book, Bookmaker A is systematically offering better value across the entire field. The 120 per cent book means the prices across the entire field are compressed, which means every price is slightly lower than it should be in a fair market. A significant share of that GGY exists because punters accept worse odds than they need to.

The difference between 3/1 and 7/2 is not dramatic on a single bet, but across 200 bets over a season it represents dozens of units of profit or loss. Checking the overround before you bet is not something most punters do, but it takes less than a minute with a calculator or an odds comparison site. Small-field races with well-fancied favourites tend to carry lower overrounds (closer to 110 per cent) because the market is more efficient and bookmakers compete harder on the headline price of the favourite. The difference between 5/1 and 6/1 on the same horse in the same race is a 20 per cent increase in profit — free money, essentially, for the 30 seconds it takes to check a second bookmaker.

The individual difference may be small — perhaps 5/1 versus 11/2 — but across hundreds of bets over a year, that cumulative margin is the difference between a profitable punter and a losing one. The take varies from state to state and the money is used to pay taxes, purse money for the horsemen, expenses at the track, and the track’s profit. If the exchange is at 7.0 and the bookmaker is at 6/1, the prices are closer, and after exchange commission the bookmaker might even be marginally better. Oddschecker is the most widely used in the UK and shows prices from all major bookmakers side by side, updated in near-real time.

Using the exchange as a benchmark — even if you ultimately bet with a bookmaker — is one of the most effective habits a punter can develop. The practical approach for most punters is to use both. If you back at 6.0 (5/1) and pay 5 per cent commission on your winnings, your effective odds are 5.75 (approximately 19/4).

First, it gives you a benchmark for whether the bookmaker prices are competitive. For any given horse, you can see the best available price highlighted, and the difference between the best and worst price is often two or three points of odds — the difference between 7/1 and 5/1 on the same horse in the same race. It does not require you to do anything special — just take an early price on a race where BOG is offered. Unlike free bets, which come with qualifying conditions and wagering requirements, BOG applies to every qualifying bet you place. A few bookmakers restrict BOG to races shown on ITV or feature meetings, excluding the smaller afternoon cards where drifts are more common.

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Around major meetings — Cheltenham, the Grand National, Royal Ascot — bookmakers offer boosted prices on selected runners. If the exchange offers 6.0 and the bookmaker offers 5/1, the bookmaker is competitive after commission. Instead of setting odds and accepting bets against them, the exchange matches punters on opposite sides of a bet. At the upper end, you find big-field handicaps with 20 or more runners, where each horse price can be inflated by a few ticks without any individual punter noticing the difference.

Ante-post markets on the Cheltenham Gold Cup or Champion Hurdle typically run between 140 and 160 per cent, which is lower than the National but still significantly wider than raceday. The aggregate effect across 20 runners adds up to a much wider margin than in a six-runner race. Across UK and Irish horse racing, typical bookmaker overrounds range from about 110 to 130 per cent. Understanding the typical ranges gives you a framework for evaluating whether the price you are being offered is competitive or padded.

Odds expressed in decimals are meant to show the total payout the punter receives, which includes the winnings and the stake. In today’s day and age where automobiles have substituted the four legged animal, horses still retain importance. Dave Massey previews Saturday’s action at Aintree, selecting his best bets for the races at 1.15, 1.45, 2.25 and 3.00.